Carly+P.,+Carly+E.,+Katie+O.,+Amelia

Charles Dickens § Born on February 7 in Landport, Hampshire during the new industrial age § He was the second child of John Dickens, who was a pay clerk and Elizabeth Dickens, who was a talented mimic and storyteller. § Charles had a limited formal education because of his parents’ bad financial situation. § At age 12, Charles spent a humiliating year working at Warren’s Blacking, which was a shoe-polishing factory because his father was in prison for debt. § In 1834 he began writing humorous essays in magazines under a fake name, Boz. § Later on he wrote a book called //Sketches by Boz//, which was published in 1836. § He worked for the //Morning Chronicle// and married the daughter of the //Chronicle’s// music critic, named Catherine Hogarth. § Charles and Catherine had ten children together. § Dickens’ first novel //The Pickwick Papers// became very popular in 1837. § //Pickwick// was the start of Dickens’ literary fame. § His second famous novel was //Oliver Twist//. § Then in 1837, when his sister-in-law Mary passed away, he wrote //The Old Curiosity Shop// which has a famous scene of a character dying and that represents Mar

 =**Hromatko, Wesley. "Charles Dickens." // Charles Dickens //. Web.  ** =



= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =French Revolution =

=Causes =

- **Political And Social Inequalities**  - The third estates, which consisted of the common people such as peasant, artisans and merchants, worked hard to make money to support their family and had to pay taxes.  - In politics, the estates did not have equal rights, the first and second estates could out vote the third estate through the Estates General which was called by the king.  - The form of government at the time was a absolute monarchy, which gave the royal family, or the King and Queen, complete power or everything and everyone within the country.  - **Bankruptcy of the Government**  - King Louis XVI had lived such a lavish lifestyle and spent too much. All this over spending along with never making an effort to cut down on all expense and never trying to help the financial state with the government led to the bankruptcy of the government.

- **Influence of the Enlightenment and the American Revolution**  - The ideas and writings of Enlightenment thinkers like Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau became widespread. The French people were inspired to go against their king. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> - The great success of the Americans in overthrowing the British motivated the French to also fight for their freedom

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== =<span style="color: #39049f; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Conditions = · <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Peasants were victimized with heavy taxes that paid for the cost of the war, taxes to the king, church, and many indirect taxes for food. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">· Peasants owed their lord a labor obligation, which means they paid their lord to allow them to work for him. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">· The price of bread kept increasing and prices were rising higher then wages. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">· There was a poor harvest of 1799-1789. By 1789, the wages increased by 22% and the cost of living increased by 62%.

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Kreis, Steven. "Lecture 11: The Origins of the French Revolution." The History Guide -- Main. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. <http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/lecture11a.html>.

= **<span style="color: #39049f; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Lifestyle ** =

· <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">There were three levels or estates. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">· The First and Second estates were the privileged classes. Among other things, they enjoyed freedom from taxes. This left the burden of taxation on the poorest French citizens. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">· Lowest level was not allowed to own land and 10% of the money they earned went to the state/church. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">· Their king, Louis XVI, was not smart with spending the taxes and his income (he spent too much money on war), there was a poor <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> harvest- and the country was left in ruin. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Workscited: Notes from Kosch.